全国2020年10月自考语言与文化00838真题

　　I. Each of the fllowing incomplete statements is fllowed by four ateratives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)

　　1. Culture is stored in for the coming generation to learn.

　　A. thought

　　B. habits

　　C. customs

　　D. language

　　2. When we say that language is , we mean that speech is the primary medium of language, while writing is secondary.

　　A. symbolic

　　B. arbitrary

　　C. vocal .

　　D. systematic

　　3. Words are units of which language users can intuitively recognize in either speech or writing.

　　A. description

　　B. item

　　C. definition

　　D. expression

　　4. Social meaning or meaning is what a piece of language conveys about the social circumstances of its use.

　　A. stylistic

　　B. conceptual

　　C. connotative

　　D. thematic

　　5.1) It is 9:00 already.

　　2)已经九点了。

　　The above pair of sentences shows the grammatical contrast between English and Chinese in

　　A. grammatical morphemes

　　B. subjects and objects

　　C. paratactic and hypotactic relations

　　D. recipients and modifiers

　　6. The English sentence“Tony ate up the cake made by his mother" demontrates___.

　　A. a paratactic relation

　　B. a causal relation

　　C. a branching sentence pattem

　　D. a linear sentence pattem

　　7. "Daisy" is a popular English girl name. It belongs to names.

　　A. religious

　　B. weapon

　　C. flower

　　D. knowledge

　　8. When thanked, the Chinese public servants customarily reply,“没什么，这是我应该做的”. The English equivalent expression is"___”.

　　A. Its my duty

　　B. Its my job

　　C. Not at all

　　D. Its my pleasure

　　9. The meaning of the idiom“to put ones foot in ones mouth" is“____”。

　　A. to say something embarrassing

　　B. to have an angry atitude

　　C. to be bad at doing something

　　D. to continue working hard

　　10. The following expressions are alusions from literature. Which one can best ft in the following sentence?

　　The heroine of this novel is who was born in a humble family and struggled to make a great success in business.

　　A. aRomeo

　　B. aCinderella

　　C. a Cleopatra

　　D. a Sherlock Holmes

　　11. In the sentence “Bring the child down to me for a fortnight. I have a huge old garden where he can be as free as a bird", the vehicle is,

　　A. a bird

　　B. a fortnight

　　C. a huge old garden

　　D. the child

　　12. In the following metaphorical expressions,“ ”shows love is magic.

　　A. Im crazy about her

　　B. She had me hypnotized

　　C. She is besieged by suitors

　　D. Iwas magnetically drawn to her

　　13. Which of the fllowing sentences shows the highest formality and politeness?

　　A. Open the window.

　　B. Open the window, please.

　　C. Will you please open the window?

　　D. Would you mind my opening the window?

　　14. The following euphemisms of death rflet a religious notion EXCEPT

　　A. go toa better world

　　B. to be with God

　　C.归西

　　D.转世

　　15. Which of the following expressions is NOT a textual connective?

　　A. As a matter of fact.

　　B. Secondly.

　　C. Beside.

　　D. Furthermore.

　　16. The next morning she was glad and proud that she had nol yielded 10 a scare. For he was most strangely and obviously better.The above example ilustrates relations.

　　A. additive

　　B. adversative

　　C. causal .

　　D. temporal

　　17. The word that is spelled in American English is____.

　　A. metre

　　B. programme

　　C. traveler

　　D. modemise

　　18. A large portion of brand names in English advertising are newly invented words or coinages. Which of the following is an example of this kind of coinages?

　　A. Ford.

　　B. Kleenex.

　　C. Chanel.

　　D. Pierre Cartan.

　　19. Some nonverbal messages are consistent with accompanying verbal messages, but add to or strengthen or clarify the meaning of the verbal message. This is one of the functions of nonverbal messages as.

　　A. repeating

　　B. regulating

　　C. complementing

　　D. accenting

　　20. of the fllowing categories of gestures,____ are perhaps the most important category, for they are intentional behaviours with widely agreed meanings in a society.

　　A. affect displays

　　B. adapters

　　C. regulators

　　D. emblems

　　II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There is more than one correet answer to each question.(10%)

　　21. Anthropological culture emphasizes the of a population.

　　A. customs

　　B. habits

　　C. materials

　　D. behavioral patterns

　　22. Harmonious relationships between were emphasized in traditinal Chinese culture.

　　A. man and nature

　　B. individuals

　　C. individuals and society

　　D. men and women

　　23. Which of the following words have derivational morphemes?

　　A. Incomplete.

　　B. Quicker.

　　C. Establishment.

　　D. Worker.

　　24. "Good moming”can be used in English speaking counties when people__

　　A. greet each other in the moming

　　B. have just been introduced to each other

　　C. bid farewell to each other in the morming

　　D. are not really concerned about the hearers health

　　25. Which of the following proverbs are related to religion?

　　A. Man proposes, God disposes.

　　B. Each cross hath its own inscription.

　　C.平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚。

　　D.前车之覆，后车之鉴。

　　26. Similes can be found in the sentence“ ”

　　A. My hands are as cold as ice

　　B. His words stabbed at her heart

　　C. That young man is a bear at mathematics .

　　D. Pop loked so unhappy, almost like a child who has lost his piece of candy

　　27. Questions such as“ ” should be avoided when conversing with English speakers.

　　A. Are you married or single

　　B. Are you a Republican or a Democrat

　　C. Where are you from

　　D. Do you go to church

　　28. The logical relationships between adjoining sentences can be clasified into:____ and adversative relations.

　　A. additive

　　B. causal .

　　C. temporal

　　D. comparative

　　29. Of the following words or expressions, ,are used in British English.

　　A. mackintosh

　　B. schedule

　　C. lecturer

　　D. math

　　30. Which of the following belong to primary trritory?

　　A. Theatre seats.

　　B. Personal offices.

　　C. Mothers kitchen.

　　D. Ones own room at home.

　　II. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)

　　31. Intercultural communication is concerned with communication among people from cultural backgrounds.

　　32. The Chinese equivalent for“rest room" is“___” rather than“休息室".

　　33. It is often said that English is a language with. grammar and Chinese a language with implicit grammar.

　　34. In vocatives, names are used to suggest familiarity between the addresser and the addressee.

　　35. An idiom is a construction, expression, etc, having a meaning different from the literal one or not according to the usual of the language.

　　36. A metaphor is a(n), comparison between two or more unlike things.

　　37. In English culture, anything related to are taboos, for example, peoples age,income, political and religious beliefs, etc.

　　38. If the sentences in a text are linked by meaning alone, we say they exhibit____, as ilustrated in the following example:

　　A: Could you give me a lif home?

　　B: Sorry, Im visiting my sister.

　　39. Technical terms, such as“Mercury", “Venus"， “Earth", “Jupiter" are derived from Greco-Roman

　　40. We frequently replace felt emotions with emotions thought to be more appropriate.

　　Through, we try to hide such emotions as jealousy, dsappointmnent, btess, etc.

　　IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)

　　41. How would you interpret the statement that language is uniquely human?

　　42.“叔”and“伯”in Chinese correspond to only one word“uncle" in English. How would you interpret the contrast in regards to culture?

　　43. Why are passive sentences frequently preferred in EST (English for science and technology)?

　　44. What contrasts can you find between English and Chinese touching behaviours between males and females?

　　V. Translation. (18%)

　　45.这本书很有意思。你想看吗?

　　46.下星期一见。

　　47.寒舍

　　48.黄道吉日

　　49. There are lees to every wine. (Note: translate it with a Chinese proverb.)

　　50. Do not wear out your welcome.

　　VI. Discuss the following topics. (20%)

　　51. Compare the following pair of sentences, and find out the grammatical contrast between English and Chinese as manifested in them.

　　a) We are students.

　　b)我们是学生。

　　52. Use the following two examples to discuss cross-cultural similarities and differences in similes and metaphors between English and Chinese.

　　a) Hes as strong as a horse.他力大如牛。

　　b) One look at his face and we realized that a thunderstorm was about to break.-看他的脸色，我们就意识到一场彝风雨即将来临。